第6章 JOYS AND PASSIONS 快乐与热情

My brother, when thou hast a virtue, and it is thine own virtue, thou hast it in common with no one.

To be sure, thou wouldst call it by name and caress it; thou wouldst pull its ears and amuse thyself with it.

And lo! Then hast thou its name in common with the people, and hast become one of the people and the herd with thy virtue!

Better for thee to say: "Ineffable is it, and nameless, that which is pain and sweetness to my soul, and also the hunger of my bowels."

Let thy virtue be too high for the familiarity of names, and if thou must speak of it, be not ashamed to stammer about it.

Thus speak and stammer: "That is my good, that do I love, thus doth it please me entirely, thus only do I desire the good.

Not as the law of a God do I desire it, not as a human law or a human need do I desire it; it is not to be a guide-post for me to superearths and paradises.

An earthly virtue is it which I love: little prudence is therein, and the least everyday wisdom.

But that bird built its nest beside me: therefore, I love and cherish it now sitteth it beside me on its golden eggs."

Thus shouldst thou stammer, and praise thy virtue.

Once hadst thou passions and calledst them evil. But now hast thou only thy virtues: they grew out of thy passions.

Thou implantedst thy highest aim into the heart of those passions: then became they thy virtues and joys.

And though thou wert of the race of the hot-tempered, or of the voluptuous, or of the fanatical, or the vindictive;

All thy passions in the end became virtues, and all thy devils angels.

Once hadst thou wild dogs in thy cellar: but they changed at last into birds and charming songstresses.

Out of thy poisons brewedst thou balsam for thyself; thy cow, affliction, milkedst thou now drinketh thou the sweet milk of her udder.

And nothing evil groweth in thee any longer, unless it be the evil that groweth out of the conflict of thy virtues.

My brother, if thou be fortunate, then wilt thou have one virtue and no more: thus goest thou easier over the bridge.

Illustrious is it to have many virtues, but a hard lot; and many a one hath gone into the wilderness and killed himself, because he was weary of being the battle and battlefield of virtues.

My brother, are war and battle evil? Necessary, however, is the evil; necessary are the envy and the distrust and the back-biting among the virtues.

Lo! how each of thy virtues is covetous of the highest place; it wanteth thy whole spirit to be its herald, it wanteth thy whole power, in wrath, hatred, and love.

Jealous is every virtue of the others, and a dreadful thing is jealousy. Even virtues may succumb by jealousy.

He whom the flame of jealousy encompasseth, turneth at last, like the scorpion, the poisoned sting against himself.

Ah! my brother, hast thou never seen a virtue backbite and stab itself?

Man is something that hath to be surpassed: and therefore shalt thou love thy virtues, for thou wilt succumb by them.

Thus spake Zarathustra.

我的兄弟们，当你们拥有一种美德的时候，而且它就是你们所特有的美德，你就不能和任何人共同拥有它。

的确，你用名字称呼它，并且爱抚它；你拉扯它的耳朵，同它一起做好玩的游戏。

但是，瞧啊！一旦它拥有了你所称呼它的名字，并且同其他人一起共同拥有它的时候，你就会因为这种道德而成为人群和普通人之中的一员！

你大可以这么说：“这种让我的灵魂变得既痛苦又甜蜜的东西是无法用语言来形容的，同时，我的内心的饥饿是无名的。”

让你的道德高贵到无法用亲密的名称来称呼，如果你非要说出那样的名字来，那么就不要感到羞耻，你可以结结巴巴地说。

你可以结结巴巴地说：“这是我最重视的善意，它可以最大限度地让我感到快乐，所以，我所渴求的正是这样的善意。

我渴求它，并不是因为它是上帝的法律，也不是因为它是人类的法律，或是人类的需求；它绝对不是通向另一个世界和蓝天的指南。

我热爱它是一种陆地上的道德：它缺乏谨慎，更加缺少智慧。

但是，小鸟在我的身边筑巢：因此，我会热爱它，珍视它——现在，它就坐在金灿灿的蛋上，陪伴在我的身边。”

你应该用这种结结巴巴的口吻说，并且赞美你的道德。

曾经，你拥有很多激情，并且你称它们为恶魔。但是，现在你只拥有你的道德：它们正是从你过去的激情里产生出来的。

那么，将你最崇高的目标注入那些激情的内心之中：然后，它们就会成为你的道德和快乐。

尽管你属于脾气暴躁的，或是骄奢淫逸的，或是过分狂热的，又或是报复心重的种族；但是到了最后，你所有的激情都会成为道德，所有的恶魔都会成为天使。

曾经，你的地窖里拥有许多未驯化的野狗：但是，最终它们都变成了小鸟和散发着魅力的女歌手。

你使用毒药为自己制作了止痛药；曾经，你挤出过磨难之牛的乳汁——现在，你饮用着从奶牛的乳头里挤出来的甘甜的奶水。

你的身体之中不会再产生任何的恶魔，除非那是从你的道德的争斗中产生出来的恶魔。

我的兄弟们，如果你是非常幸运的，那么，你只需拥有一种道德就足够了，没必要再拥有其他的道德：因此，你穿过桥梁就会变得更加容易一些。

能够拥有许多道德是非常卓越的事，但是，那也是一种让人难以忍受的命运；许多人因为厌倦了多种道德在战场上进行争斗，而跑到荒野，亲手了结自己的性命。

我的兄弟们，我问问你们，战争和争斗是邪恶的吗？不过，这是必要的邪恶；在道德之中，嫉妒、不信任以及在背后诋毁他人的存在都是必不可少的。

看呀！你的每一种道德最渴求的事情都是些什么？它想让你的整个精神成为它的传令官，它想要你的怒火、仇恨以及爱意当中的全部力量。

任何一种道德都会对其他的道德产生嫉妒的心理，嫉妒是一种非常可怕的事情。甚至道德本身都有可能会被嫉妒所毁灭。

他那包含着嫉妒的烈焰，会像蝎子一样，最终将含有剧毒的毒针转向自己。

噢！我的兄弟们，你们还从来都没有见过一种道德的诽谤和自我伤害吧？

人类是一种应该被超越的物种，因此，你应该相当珍视你的道德——因为，你很有可能会因为它们而被毁灭。

查拉图斯特拉如是说。